Responsible Machine Learning Pilot Test Projects: A Medical Coding Case Study

Abstract

Prior studies reported on many machine learning (ML) projects that under-performed. What steps can leaders take during ML pilot projects to identify and mitigate project risks and systems risks, before implementing new ML systems at scale? We report on an exploratory case study of a U.S.-based healthcare provider organization’s ML pilot project, undertaken when a software vendor proposed an automated solution that would combine natural language processing (NLP) and ML, to improve medical claims coding quality. We reveal tactics the client took during the pilot project, to spot and limit risks that could ultimately harm the firm, its healthcare providers, and its patients. We conclude with suggestions for further research on responsible ML.