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Abstract
<p>Low temperature is a major factor limiting the productivity and geographical distribution of many plant species. In this study, we investigated the effect of chilling stress (10 <sup>o</sup>C) on seedling growth in two sweet sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor </em>(L.) Moench) inbred lines (M-81E and Roma). Results showed that the chilling resistance of M-81E was higher than that of Roma. The Fv/Fm in leaves of M-81E decreased less than that of Roma during chilling stress. After 24 h of chilling stress, the Fv/Fm of M-81E and Roma decreased by 24.3 and 45.8%, respectively. Fo was also affected significantly during chilling stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation caused by ROS, increased during chilling stress. The contents of MDA increased less in leaves of M-81E than that in Roma under chilling stress. The antioxidant enzymes (SOD and APX) activity of M-81E was higher than those of Roma during chilling stress. The unsaturated fatty acid content and the double bond index (DBI) of major membrane lipids of MGDG, DGDG, SQDG, PC, PE and PG of M-81E significantly increased after 24 h of chilling treatment (10 <sup>o</sup>C). The DBI of MGDG, DGDG, SQDG, PC and PG of Roma significantly decreased. These results showed that the chilling tolerance of M-81E was higher than that of Roma by increasing of unsaturated fatty acid in membrane lipid and powerful protective enzyme system at seedling stage.</p>
Highlights
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is known to be an annual C4 plant of African origin and is well adapted to semiarid and arid tropic regions, being highly biomass productive (Jordan et al, 1983)
PSII is considered to play an important role in the adaptation of photosynthesis to stress (Baker, 1991); by increases of unsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids and antioxidant enzymes (Sui, 2015; Sui & Han, 2014); state transition between PSI and PSII; which coordinate the balance of the electron transport chain between PSI and PSII (Havaux & Kloppstech, 2001; Ivanov et al, 2008)
Photoinhibition of PSII was estimated by measuring Maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm)
Summary
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is known to be an annual C4 plant of African (tropical) origin and is well adapted to semiarid and arid tropic regions, being highly biomass productive (Jordan et al, 1983). Chilling stress is a major factor limiting the plants productivity, including vegetables such as cucumber, tomato and crops such as sweet sorghum (Kong et al, 2013; Kratsch & Wise, 2000). It is a time dependent and changes in physiological activity preced the development of visual symptoms of injury (Ercoli et al, 2004). Photosynthetic activity is sensitive to chilling stress because low temperature causes impaired photochemical activity due to membrane injury (Hu et al, 2010). PSII is considered to play an important role in the adaptation of photosynthesis to stress (Baker, 1991); by increases of unsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids and antioxidant enzymes (Sui, 2015; Sui & Han, 2014); state transition between PSI and PSII; which coordinate the balance of the electron transport chain between PSI and PSII (Havaux & Kloppstech, 2001; Ivanov et al, 2008)
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