Responses of two Anthurium cultivars to high daily integrals of diffuse light

Abstract

Heavy shading is commonly applied during production of pot-plants in order to avoid damage caused by high light intensities; usually the daily light integral (DLI) is limited to 5–8molm−2d−1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). However, shading carries a production penalty as light is the driving force for photosynthesis. Diffuse glass has been developed to scatter the incident light in greenhouses. This study aims at investigating the effect of diffuse glass cover and high DLI under diffuse glass cover on the growth of pot-plants; furthermore, to systematically identify and quantify the yield components which are influenced by these treatments. Experiments were carried out with two Anthurium andreanum cultivars (Royal Champion and Pink Champion) in a conventional modern glasshouse compartment covered by clear glass with DLI limited to 7.5molm−2d−1 (average realized DLI was 7.2molm−2d−1), and another two glasshouse compartments covered by diffuse glass with DLI limited to 7.5 (average realized DLI was 7.5molm−2d−1) and 10molm−2d−1 (average realized DLI was 8.9molm−2d−1). Diffuse glass cover resulted in less variation of temporal photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) distribution compared with the clear glass cover. Under similar DLI conditions (DLI limited to 7.5molm−2d−1), diffuse glass cover stimulated dry mass production per unit intercepted PPFD (RUE) in ‘Royal Champion’ by 8%; whilst this stimulating effect did not occur in ‘Pink Champion’. Under diffuse glass cover, biomass production was proportional to DLI in both cultivars (within the range 7.5–9molm−2d−1). Consequently higher DLI led to more flowers, leaves and stems. Furthermore, high DLI resulted in more compact plants without light damage in leaves or flowers in both cultivars. ‘Pink Champion’ produced more biomass than ‘Royal Champion’ in all treatments because of higher RUE which resulted from a more advantageous canopy architecture for light capture and more advantageous leaf photosynthetic properties. We conclude that less shading under diffuse glass cover not only stimulates plant growth but also improves plant ornamental quality (i.e. compactness).