Abstract
The response of a summer upwelling system to recent climate change in the Taiwan Strait has been investigated using a time series of sea surface temperature and wind data over the period 1982–2019. Our results revealed that summer upwelling intensities of the Taiwan Strait decreased with a nonlinear fluctuation over the past four decades. The average upwelling intensity after 2000 was 35% lower than that before 2000. The long-term changes in upwelling intensities show strong correlations with offshore Ekman transport, which experienced a decreasing trend after 2000. Unlike the delay effect of canonical ENSO events on changes in summer upwelling, ENSO Modoki events had a significant negative influence on upwelling intensity. Strong El Niño Modoki events were not favorable for the development of upwelling. This study also suggested that decreased upwelling could not slow down the warming rate of the sea surface temperature and would probably cause the decline of chlorophyll a in the coastal upwelling system of the Taiwan Strait. These results will contribute to a better understanding of the dynamic process of summer upwelling in the Taiwan Strait, and provide a sound scientific basis for evaluating future trends in coastal upwelling and their potential ecological effects.
Highlights
The response of a summer upwelling system to recent climate change in the Taiwan Strait has been investigated using a time series of sea surface temperature and wind data over the period
Its variation can be represented by the Oscillation are the influences of long-term changes in upwelling intensity on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a? The answers to these questions are very important to our understanding of the dynamic process of upwelling as well as to the management and protection of fishery resources in the Taiwan Strait (TWS) in the context of global change
Unlike the delay effect of canonical ENSO events on the changes in summer upwelling in the TWS (Table 2), a negative linear correlation exists in the relationship between R and Qcross with El Niño Modoki index (EMI) (Figure 7)
Summary
Coastal upwelling is an important component of circulation in the shelf marginal sea. The circulation of TWS is controlled by the warm SCS water At this time, upwelling events are Academic Editor: Gang Zheng. At this time, upwelling events are generally observed along the TaiwanBank. Oscillation are the influences of long-term changes in upwelling intensity on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a? Oscillation are the influences of long-term changes in upwelling intensity on sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a? The answers to these questions are very important to our understanding of the dynamic process of upwelling as well as to the management and protection of fishery resources in the TWS in the context of global change
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