Responses of Grain Yield and Nutrient Accumulation to Water and Foliar Fertilizer Management in Upland and Wetland Rice Varieties

Natdanai Juntakad,Sansanee Jamjod,Sittichai Lordkaew,Chanakan Prom-U-Thai

doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2018.254.262

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of water and fertilizer managements on grain yield and nutrient accumulation in upland and wetland rice varieties. The two rice varieties representing upland (KH CMU) and wetland (CNT1) ecotypes were grown in different water conditions and fertilizer managements. The interaction between variety and water condition had significantly affected on grain yield and straw dry weight. The water condition and fertilizer management were also affected on grain nutrient concentrations differently between the two varieties. The difference in responses to grain nutrients between the two rice varieties representing their original ecotypes of wetland and lowland is the key factor with respect to the proper management of water and fertilizers in order to maximize in both grain yield and nutrition. This knowledge is useful for the proper management of water and fertilizers for improving grain yield and nutrient accumulation. However, increasing the number of rice varieties in each upland and wetland ecotypes is needed to confirm the responses to water and fertilizer management in the future study.

Highlights

Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are the common macronutrient fertilizers used by farmers to improve rice crop production
The similar grain yield was found in KH CMU grown in the aerobic condition, but about 32% grain yield was decreased when grown in the flooded condition
The straw dry weight of CNT1 was dominantly higher than in KH CMU which was slightly decreased from the aerobic to flooded condition in CNT1, while almost half was decreased in KH CMU

Summary

Introduction

Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are the common macronutrient fertilizers used by farmers to improve rice crop production. Foliar fertilizer application is an alternative fertilizer application in rice by spraying the fertilizer directly onto the leaf, especially in the case of micronutrients in which the nutrients are diffused through the cuticle, transported through the cell wall by passive transport and move through the plasma membrane by active transport to enter the plant cell (Fageria et al, 2009) This technique has been reported as an efficient method as it allows the absorption to occur rapidly into the inner cell layers of the leaf and other reproductive organs (Ahmad and Jabeen, 2005; Ganapathy et al, 2008), which results in an increase in both the quality and quantity of production, reduce in the loss of nutrients (Tejada and Gonzalez, 2004) and rapidly bringing a solution to the problem of nutrient deficiency caused by soil fertilizer application due to highly acidic or alkaline condition

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Conclusion