Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the responses of '0900 Ziraat' sweet cherry cultivar grafted on mazzard (Prunus avium L.) and mahaleb (P. mahaleb L.) rootstocks, to different irrigation water salinity levels. One year old sweet cherry trees were planted in 50-liter pots at Eğirdir Fruit Research Station (Isparta, Turkey). Four different irrigation water salinity levels (S1=0.3 dS m-1, S2=2.0 dS m-1, S3=4.0 dS m-1 and S4=6 dS m-1) were used for both variety/rootstock combinations. The results showed that sweet cherry trees grafted on mahaleb rootstocks extracted more water under saline conditions than the ones grafted on mazzard. Water salinity levels caused more damage on 0900/mazzard than on 0900/mahaleb. Towards the end of the growing period, plant deaths were detected in S3 and S4 treatments. While leaf water potential (LWP) ranged from -1.54 to -3.33 MPa, stomatal conductance ranged from 26.8 to 199.5 mmol m-2 s-1. It was determined that both parameters decreased towards the end of the growing period for all treatments. Sodium (Na) uptake was excluded by 0900/mahaleb rootstocks, but chloride (Cl−) uptake was excluded only for higher saline conditions. As a result, mahaleb (P. mahaleb L.) rootstock could be recommended to be used as rootstock for sweet cherry culture under saline conditions.
Highlights
Salinity is the most common problem in irrigated lands of Turkey and and of the world
The reason for higher soil salinity values of 0900/mahaleb treatments is that the trees with mahaleb rootstocks extracted more water under saline conditions than the trees with mazzard rootstocks
Soil salt accumulation ratios decreased with increasing irrigation water salinity levels
Summary
Salinity is the most common problem in irrigated lands of Turkey and and of the world. Salinity is one of the most important problems threatening both arid and semi-arid agricultural lands. Throughout the world, seventeen percent of the agricultural lands are irrigated and approximately 20% are under direct threat of salinity (Pitman and Läuchli, 2002; Tuteja, 2007). Increased salinity levels deteriorate soil texture and significantly limit crop quality and yields. Salinity-induced stress influence plant growth through various physiological, biochemical and molecular changes exerted in plant internal mechanisms (Ashraf and Foolad, 2007). Impacts of salinity on plant and soil mechanisms should clearly be identified in order to grow a crop with saline water or saline soil (Düzdemir et al, 2009)
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