Abstract
Abstract: This article identifies in Isa 40:1–11 two responses to earlier prophecies. The first response appears in Isa 40:2b, which argues that, although the set time of seventy years (Jer 25:12; 29:10) has not yet elapsed, the time for restoration has nevertheless arrived. The more complex response is found in Isa 40:5, which reacts to passages in Ezekiel’s temple vision (Ezek 43:1–5; 44:4). In those passages, Ezekiel envisions the return of (the Presence of Yhwh) to the restored Jerusalem temple. Isaiah 40:5 envisions a different type of return of —not to the temple but to the towns of Judah, as part of the Judahites’ return to these towns. Isaiah 40:3–11 innovatively argues that the Presence of God can be made manifest even in the absence of the temple. These verses argue against Ezek 43:1–5 and 44:4, which view the Presence of God as intrinsically linked to the temple.
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