Abstract
This research aimed to find out the genetic progress for Aceh cattle by several growth traits selection such as birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), mature weight (MW) of does to identify the best selection response from bulls and cows breeding patterns. The recorded data of production and reproduction of Aceh cattle from 2010 to 2014 at breeding centre were analyzed and used as a technical coefficient on estimate heritability (h 2 ), genetic correlation (r G ), direct selection response (R Y ) and correlated selection response (CR Y ) on several breeding patterns. Most of h 2 and r G value among growth traits were positive and high. The highest value of Ry found on BW (0.04), WW (1.21), YW (2.05), MW (3.28) and this was obtained on breeding pattern for 3 years and cow for 6 years. The indirect selection or CR Y value based on BW were lower than WW. It is concluded that WW might be used as selection criterion in order to increase WW, YW and MW.
Highlights
This research aimed to find out the predicted genetic progress for Aceh cattle by several growth traits selection such as birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), mature weight (MW), and to estimate of does to identify the best selection response of breeding pattern bulls and cows
The recorded of production and reproduction of Aceh cattle from 2010 to 2014 at breeding centre were analyzed and used as a technical coefficient on estimate heritability (h2), genetic correlation, direct response to selection (RY) and correlated response to selection (CRY) on several breeding patterns
The highest value of Ry was found on BW (0.04), WW (1.21), YW (2.05), MW (3.28) and this was obtained from breeding pattern of using bull for 3 years and cow for 6 years
Summary
Data recording Sapi Aceh dari tahun 2010 sampai 2014 digunakan pada penelitian ini. Sifat-sifat pertumbuhan yang diamati antara lain berat lahir (BL), berat sapih (BS), berat setahunan/yearling (BY) dan berat dewasa (BD). Selain itu data catatan jumlah jantan/betina, mortalitas, morbilitas, reproduksi, panen pedet (calf crop) dan sex ratio juga digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengestimasi respon seleksi (Tabel 1). Sejumlah 30 pejantan dan 600 induk sapi Aceh yang dipelihara di BPTU-HPT Sapi Aceh Indrapuri digunakan untuk mengestimasi respon seleksi. Diasumskan calf crop sebesar 42,62% sehingga setiap tahun dari populasi sapi Aceh tersebut dihasilkan 248 pedet dengan sex ratio yang sama. Heifer yang bunting umur 3 bulan akan dilepas di padang pangonan sampai beranak. Selanjutnya selama +7 bulan kedepan setelah beranak cow tetap dipelihara di padang pangonan untuk mengasuh anaknya sampai lepas sapih. Koefisien teknis Induk (heifer) Pejantan (bull) Umur beranak pertama (tahun) Kematian pedet (%) Infertilitas pada induk (%) Panen pedet / calf crop (%) Kematian pada sapi dewasa (%) Sex rasio anak (jantan : betina) Sex ratio for breeding (bull : cow).
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