Abstract
The fresh and hardened properties of concrete with E-waste plastic, that is, high impact polystyrene (HIPS), as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Face-centred central composite response surface design was used in this study. The statistical models were developed between the factors (HIPS and water cement ratio) and their response variables (slump, fresh density, dry density, compressive strength, spilt tensile strength, and flexural strength). The Design-Expert 9.0.3 software package was used to analyze the experimental values. The relationships were established and final mathematical models in terms of coded factors from predicted responses were developed. The effects of factors on properties for all variables were seen visually from the response surface and contour plot. Validation of experiments has shown that the experimental value closely agreed with the predicted value, which validates the calculated response surface models with desirability = 1. The HIPS replacement influenced all the properties of concrete than water cement ratio. Even though all properties show the decline trend, the experimented values and predicted values give a hope that the E-waste plastic (HIPS) can be used as coarse aggregate up to certain percentage of replacement in concrete which successively reduces the hazardous solid waste problem and conserves the natural resources from exhaustion.
Highlights
Generation of solid waste and its safe disposal have become a challenging task for developing and developed countries
The recycled computer plastic waste from E-waste has been used as a partial substitute for coarse aggregate in concrete; that is, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) plastic from computers and its accessories are used in the concrete as a partial substitute for coarse aggregate in various volume percentages such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%
It was observed that the slump and fresh density have shown a significant decrease upon increasing the HIPS quantity
Summary
Generation of solid waste and its safe disposal have become a challenging task for developing and developed countries. The E-waste generation receives the attention of the developed countries but their way of recycling the E-waste is different; that is, they have started exporting this harm to developing countries as shown in Figure 1 [1, 2]. The developing countries are consuming more concrete to develop their infrastructure; this leads to the depletion of natural aggregates sources. In order to conserve the natural aggregate resources and to avoid environmental pollution, researchers have considered the different types of waste materials generated from different sources [10, 11] and adopted them to fine aggregate and coarse aggregate such as recycled aggregate [11,12,13], postconsumer plastics [14,15,16], and scrap tyres [17, 18]. In E-waste, researchers focused only on the usage of plastic and glass waste from electrical and electronic equipment to use as an aggregate in cement and concrete composites [9, 19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30]
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