Abstract
In this study, the essential oil of aerial parts of a species of a plant called Smyrnium cordifolium Boiss (SCB) was extracted by supercritical CO2. The essence was analyzed by the method of GC/MS. Design of experiments was carried out with response surface methodology by Minitab 16 software to optimize four operating variables of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction (pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and extraction dynamic time). This is the first report announcing optimization of the operation of supercritical extraction of SCB in laboratorial conditions. Optimizing process was done to achieve maximum yield extraction. Independent variables were dynamic time (td), pressure (P), temperature (T) and flow rate of SC-CO2 (Q) in the range of 30–150min, 10–30MPa, 40–60°C and 0.5–1.7ml/min, respectively. The experimental optimal recovery of essential oil (0.8431, w/w%) was obtained at 13.43MPa, 40°C, 150min (dynamic) and 1.7ml/min (CO2 flow rate).
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