Abstract
The most dominant and beneficial conjugated linoleic acids isomers (CLAs) with miscellaneous biological tasks are 9c11t-C18:2 and 10t12c-C18:2. The problem with most of the commercial CLA produced by non-optimized conventional approaches is the heterogeneity of their isomers and undesirable toxic by-products. In this study, optimization of the isomerization of the fatty acid methyl esters of the high linoleic sunflower oil was investigated through response surface methodology (RSM). The reaction temperature, the concentration of PEG400 and NaOCH3 had positive influence on the total conjugated linoleic acid methyl esters (CLAME) production as response. However, the effect of the polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) concentration was more significant on response than those of other factors (p i.e., based on the mass percentage of total fatty acid methyl esters mixture) was at 5% w/w NaOCH3, 1.06% w/w PEG400 and temperature of 140°C.
Highlights
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been found to be an extraordinary essential fatty acid with miscellaneous functional effects on the human body
The first phase of the experiments was the optimization of the isomerization or conversion of linoleic acid methyl esters (LAMEs) from sunflower oil into conjugated linoleic acid methyl esters (CLAME)
These results showed that the LAMEs were converted into that of conjugated isomers during the isomerization
Summary
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been found to be an extraordinary essential fatty acid with miscellaneous functional effects on the human body. Despite CLA exists at levels of 0.3% - 0.8% (w/w) of the fat in beef and dairy products of the ruminants, this negligible level cannot provide the recommended 3 - 3.4 g of CLA per day that is necessary to produce the desired physiological effects [1]. The high consumption of such natural resources is not recommended due to intake of undesirable amounts of saturated fats and cholesterol. For this reason, an alternative source that contains high amounts of CLA that is low in saturated fat and cholesterol would be recommended for the human diet [3]. CLA commercialization has been highly studied through various methods and with regard to CLA insufficient daily intake by the natural source
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