Response surface methodology-based multi-nozzle optimization for electrospray cooling

Abstract

The performance of electronic systems has decreased due to an increase in heat flux density. New methods such as electrospray cooling are promising to ensure that these systems operate under desired conditions. In electrospray cooling, the working flow rate is limited because the small nozzle diameter is preferred to improve the electric field strength and heat transfer performance. However, it is known that increasing the fluid flow rate is a good method to improve heat transfer. For this reason, multi-nozzles should be used to remove more heat from the surface with electrospray cooling. For the first time in the literature, multi-nozzles were optimized for electrospray cooling with the optimization method in the study conducted for this purpose. Nozzle optimization studies were carried out for ethanol–water mixture used as a fluid for the first time in the literature, nozzle diameter, distance between nozzles, and nozzles number. In the experimental study, it was determined that the fluid composition ratio was effective on electrospray cooling and the effects of nozzle geometry parameters (nozzle diameter, distance between nozzles, nozzle number) were limited. As a result of the optimization process based on the response surface methodology, the highest heat transfer coefficient was obtained for the 5 mm nozzle-center distance where 3 pieces of 26G nozzles.