Abstract
The relationship between water-sediment processes and landscape pattern changes has currently become a research hotspot in low-carbon water and land resource optimization research. The SWAT-VRR model is a distributed hydrological model which better shows the effect of land use landscape change on hydrological processes in the watershed. In this paper, the hydrological models of the Dapoling watershed were built, the runoff and sediment yield from 2006 to 2011 were simulated, and the relationship between landscape patterns and water-sediment yield was analyzed. The results show that the SWAT-VRR model is more accurate and reasonable in describing runoff and sediment yield than the SWAT model. The sub-basins whose soil erosion is relatively light are mostly concentrated in the middle reaches with a slope mainly between 0–5°. The NP, PD, ED, SPIIT, SHEI, and SHDI of the watershed increased slightly, and the COHESION, AI, CONTAG, and LPI showed a certain decrease. The landscape pattern is further fragmented, with the degree of landscape heterogeneity increasing and the connection reducing. The runoff, sediment yield and surface runoff are all extremely significantly negatively correlated with forest, which implies that for more complicated patch shapes of forest which have longer boundaries connecting with the patches of other landscape types, the water and sediment processes are regulated more effectively. Therefore, it can be more productive to carry out research on the optimization of water and soil resources under the constraint of carbon emission based on the SWAT-VRR model.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe loss of soil and water is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world
Correlation analysis was performed between the landscape pattern metrics and runoff, sediment yield, and surface runoff in the Dapoling watershed, where, PD was negatively correlated with runoff, and extremely significantly positively correlated with sediment yield and surface runoff (Table 7)
The metrics indicating landscape convergence and dispersion are generally significantly related to sediment yield and surface runoff, where, Contagion Index (CONTAG) is extremely significantly negatively correlated with sediment yield and surface runoff; COHESION is significantly negatively correlated with sediment yield and significantly negatively correlated with surface runoff; AI is significantly negatively correlated with surface runoff; SPLIT is significantly positively correlated with sediment yield
Summary
Of the annual total, mostly concentrated heavy rains. The forest is a mixed than 50% of the annual total, mostly concentrated heavy rains. 30–200 m, the the optimal DEM resolution for flow and water quality simulation was 30–200 m, the resresolution of graphs the graphs in this study m [49,50,51]. According to the land use type list in the SWAT model, ten land use types were classified and named as: AGRL(Agricultural Land-Generic), AGRC(Agricultural. Land-Close-grown), FRST(Forest-Mixed), RNGB(Range-Brush), PAST(Pasture), RNGE(RangeGrasses), WATR(Water), URBN(Residential), URLD(Residential-Low Density), UIDU (Industrial). According to the land use type list in the SWAT model, ten land use types were classified and named as: AGRL(Agricultural Land-Generic), AGRC(Agricultural Land-Close-grown), FRST(Forest-Mixed), RNGB(Range-Brush), PAST(Pasture), RNGE(Range-Grasses), WATR(Water), URBN(Residential), URLD(Residential-Low Den of 16 sity), UIDU(Industrial). The parameters of these land use types in the SWAT land cover database or SWAT urban database are loaded [52]
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