Abstract
The decline in yam productivity due to the lack of arable land and impoverished soils forces farmers to use fertiliser. The fertilisers used are mineral, organic or organo-mineral. A study of these fertilisers has been carried out to propose to the farmers a dose or combination that can improve their yield. Thirteen (13) fertilisers obtained from the combination of mineral fertiliser (NPK 15-15-15) and composted cow or poultry manure were tested on the yam variety Krengle in a 3 replicate randomized complete block design. The experiment was conducted over two (2) campaigns at Bouake in Central of Côte d’Ivoire. The results show that high dose mineral fertilisation (NPK 15-15-15, 300 kg/ha) negatively influenced the growth and yield parameters of the yam variety Krengle. High doses of organic fertilisers (Cow manure (CM) 20 t/ha and poultry manure (PM) 20 t/ha) have a positive effect on vegetative growth. While the medium-high doses of organic fertiliser (CM 15 t/ha and PM 15 t/ha) gave better tuber yield (13.5 t/ha) and allowed an increase in tuber yield from 17 to 18%. Organo-mineral fertilisation combining a small dose of organic fertiliser (5 t/ha) with a medium dose of mineral fertiliser (200 kg/ha) gave also fairly good yield (13.3 and 14.42 t/ha) with an increase of 15 to 25%. Thus, 200 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15 associated with 5 t/ha of poultry or cow manure can be recommended for the cultivation of the yam variety Krengle at Bouake.
Highlights
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tuber crop grown mainly by smallholders in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, the Caribbean, Oceania and South Asia
The study was conducted at the Food Crops Research Station (FCRS) of the National Centre for Agronomic Research (CNRA), located in Bouaké, Central Côte d’Ivoire
Organo-mineral fertilisation combining a small dose of organic fertiliser (5 t/ha) with a medium dose of mineral fertiliser (200 kg/ha) increased the tuber yield by 15 to 25%
Summary
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tuber crop grown mainly by smallholders in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, the Caribbean, Oceania and South Asia It is the staple food of more than 300 million people worldwide because of its high nutritional value (Asiedu & Sartie, 2010; Cornet, 2015; Alabi et al, 2019). Nigeria is the largest producer and alone accounts for about 66 per cent of global production, followed in third place by Côte d’Ivoire, where yam is the largest food crop by volume, with an annual production of about 7.148 million tonnes (Faostat, 2019) It is a financial source for a significant fringe of small-scale producers, especially women, mostly involved in production, processing and marketing (Asiedu, 2003). These qualities make yam a crop of the future for food security and poverty reduction in West Africa (Allogni et al, 2006)
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