Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the inflammatory response of dog's periapical tissues to 17% trisodium EDTA salt (pH 8.0) and 1% citric acid (pH 2.0). Saline was used as a control. Six adult dogs were used as the biological model of the study. The experimental units comprised 56 roots of mandibular molars (first and second) and premolars (first, second and third). After coronal opening, pulpectomy and root canal instrumentation were performed using the above-mentioned irrigating solutions. After 24 and 48 hours, the animals were euthanized and the teeth and their supporting tissues were removed and histologically processed. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed histopathologically with a light microscope at x100 magnification. The histological analysis focused on the occurrence of acute inflammatory response. The presence of swelling, vasodilatation and inflammatory cells were evaluated and the degree of inflammation was determined for each case. Data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test using the SPSS software with a confidence interval of 95% (p<0.05). 17% EDTA and 1% citric acid caused inflammatory responses in dog's periapical tissues with no significant differences to each other or to saline (control) at either the 24-hour (p=0.482) or 48-hour (p=0.377) periods. It may be concluded that the inflammatory response was of mild intensity for the tested substances.
Highlights
The cleaning and disinfection role of the irrigating solutions in the complex protocol of the endodontic therapy is essential for treatment success
Among the irrigants used for removal of inorganic compounds are the chelating agents and inorganic acids represented by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid, respectively[7,10,11,13]
We considered the number of points coinciding with the occurrence of the three primary events of inflammatory reaction: swelling, vasodilatation and presence of inflammatory cells
Summary
The cleaning and disinfection role of the irrigating solutions in the complex protocol of the endodontic therapy is essential for treatment success. As McComb and Smith[10] (1975) demonstrated the presence of a dentin layer attached to the root canal walls, the irrigating solutions should act on both organic and inorganic compounds. Among the irrigants used for removal of inorganic compounds are the chelating agents and inorganic acids represented by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid, respectively[7,10,11,13]. Some authors have focused their studies on the biological effects of citric acid solutions[1,8]. The biocompatibility of citric acid and EDTA in the pulp and periapical tissues induces an inflammatory response of variable intensity and depth depending on the methodology used. Et al.[12] (1993) and Malheiros, et al.[8] (2005) stated that the effects observed on the human dentin may vary according to the concentration and application time
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