Abstract
Background: At present, the effects of upper limb movement are generally evaluated from the level of motor performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response of the cerebral cortex to different upper limb movement patterns from the perspective of neurophysiology.Method: Thirty healthy adults (12 females, 18 males, mean age 23.9 ± 0.9 years) took resistance and non-resistance exercises under four trajectories (T1: left and right straight-line movement; T2: front and back straight-line movement; T3: clockwise and anticlockwise drawing circle movement; and T4: clockwise and anticlockwise character ⁕ movement). Each movement included a set of periodic motions composed of a 30-s task and a 30-s rest. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure cerebral blood flow dynamics. Primary somatosensory cortex (S1), supplementary motor area (SMA), pre-motor area (PMA), primary motor cortex (M1), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were chosen as regions of interests (ROIs). Activation maps and symmetric heat maps were applied to assess the response of the cerebral cortex to different motion patterns.Result: The activation of the brain cortex was significantly increased during resistance movement for each participant. Specifically, S1, SMA, PMA, and M1 had higher participation during both non-resistance movement and resistance movement. Compared to non-resistance movement, the resistance movement caused an obvious response in the cerebral cortex. The task state and the resting state were distinguished more obviously in the resistance movement. Four trajectories can be distinguished under non-resistance movement.Conclusion: This study confirmed that the response of the cerebral motor cortex to different motion patterns was different from that of the neurophysiological level. It may provide a reference for the evaluation of resistance training effects in the future.
Highlights
Motor tasks involving upper limbs are very common, from simple daily life to complex high-tech tasks
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is used to analyze the fine movement of the hand or finger, and there are few studies on the whole upper limb movement. fNIRS has been used to explore the degree of brain activity in patients with unilateral cerebral palsy during bilateral upper limb movement, and the results provided novel findings related to the control of bimanual tasks in unilateral cerebral palsy
This study aims to explore the response of the cerebral motor cortex in different motor modes based on fNIRS
Summary
Motor tasks involving upper limbs are very common, from simple daily life to complex high-tech tasks. It is essential to effectively evaluate the effects of upper limb movement. The evaluation of training effects of upper limb movement usually only considers the level of motor performance. It is necessary to evaluate whether the training achieves the expected effect from the neurophysiological level. Rehabilitation exercise therapy needs to be understood from the perspective of neuroscience, neurophysiology, and motor control (Lee et al, 2018). The effects of upper limb movement are generally evaluated from the level of motor performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response of the cerebral cortex to different upper limb movement patterns from the perspective of neurophysiology
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