Response of some Sesame Cultivars (Sesamum indicum L.) to Bio and Organic Fertilizers under Toshka Conditions

Abstract

In order to study the effect of three Sesame cv. (Sohag1, Shandaweel 3 and Giza 32), two Bio-fertilizer inoculation (Azotobacter and biogein) and three rates of organic fertilizer (5 m3, 10 m3 and 20 m3) compared with the control on seed yield and its components as well as Chlorophyll content growing during 2015 and 2016 seasons, so, two field experiments were carried out in the Desert Research Center (D.R.C.) Experiment Station at Toshka (Abu Simbel) Aswan Governorate, South Egypt. Obtained results showed that. Shandaweel 3 cultivar produced the maximum number of capsules/plant, number of seed/capsules and seed yield than all other cultivars. Increasing application of organic fertilizers from 5 up to 20 m3 caused significant increament in chlorophyll content, plant height, number of seed/capsules, number of capsules/plant, 1000- seed weight; and seed yield compared with other organic fertilizer treatments. Application of Azotobacter as bio-fertilizer caused an increament concerning all characters studied. The interaction between cultivars and organic manures treatments showed a significant effect on chlorophyll content, plant height; number of capsules/plant and seed yield. Shandaweel 3 cultivar applied with 20 m3 organic manures proved to have the best results. Moreover, all studied traits were significantly affected by the interaction between sesame cultivars and bio- fertilizer. Concerning, the interaction between organic manures and bio-fertilizers treatments, maximum seed yield were 524 and 478 (kg/fed.) during the two seasons respectively, recorded when organic manures application of 20 m3 along with Azotobacter agent were applied. It could be concluded that sesame cultivar Shandaweel 3 cultivar fertilized with 20 m3 organic fertilizers and Azotobacter as bio- fertilizers is recommended under semi-arid conditions of the Toshka, South Egypt