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Abstract
Jojoba seeds have a unique storage lipid wax which is suitable as a basic feedstock in the chemical industry. For saving both human health and the environment, there is a continuous need to search for alternative safe natural sources of plant nutrients. Therefore, in this study the effect of mycorrhizal fungi and Moringa oleifera leaves extract on growth, flowering, fruits set, yield and the chemical composition of the jojoba shrub was studied. The application of a combination of treatments of 20 g L−1 mycorrhizal fungi plus 30 g L−1Moringa oleifera leaves extract recorded the maximum mean values of main branch length, length of secondary branches, number of branched nodes, number of secondary branches, flowering percentage, final fruit set percentage, seeds yield per shrub and per hectare, percentage of minerals, proteins as well as oil yield per shrub and per hectare, chlorophyll a and b, N, P, K percentage with a minimum mean value of the number of days until full bloom in both seasons. The maximum percentage of Gadoleic fatty acid was found with the combination treatment of uninoculation plus 10 g L−1Moringa oleifera leaves extract.
Highlights
Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is a member of the family Simmondsiaceae
Vegetative parameters of jojoba shrubs varied according to ground inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and foliar application of Moringa oleifera leaves extract and their interaction
The maximum significant mean values of jojoba shrub growth were found with the combination treatment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (20 g L−1 ) plus 30 g L−1 Moringa oleifera leaves extract in both seasons, as this treatment recorded an increment percentage (57 and 58%), (110 and 111%)
Summary
Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is a member of the family Simmondsiaceae. It is endemic to the Sonoran Desert in Southern Arizona, Southern California and Northern Mexico [1].Cultivation of the jojoba shrub has been established in many desert and semi-desert areas.Its mature seeds are a hard oval, dark brown in color and represent the economic part of the jojoba shrub [2]. Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is a member of the family Simmondsiaceae. Cultivation of the jojoba shrub has been established in many desert and semi-desert areas. Its mature seeds are a hard oval, dark brown in color and represent the economic part of the jojoba shrub [2]. Jojoba seeds have a unique storage lipid wax consisting of esters formed from acids and alcohols [3]. Jojoba oil is distinguished by its lack of odor, purity and heat-resistant lubricating properties. It is suitable as a basic feedstock in the chemical industry [1] such as pharmaceuticals, lubricants, gear additives, extenders, anti-foaming agents as well as in the wax and polish industries [3,4]
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