Response of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Growing from 50 to 170 g to Supplements of Either L-Arginine or L-Threonine in a Semipurified Diet

Abstract

We studied the effects of increasing dietary concentrations of either L-arginine or L-threonine on growth, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and composition of gain in rainbow trout. Semipurified diets containing 20.1 MJ digestible energy/kg dry matter, with wheat gluten and crystalline amino acids as sole sources of amino acids, were fed to rainbow trout (initial mean body weight 47 ± 0.7 g). In one series of 12 diets, arginine concentration ranged from 5.0 to 23.8 g/kg dry matter; in a second series of 12 diets, threonine concentration ranged from 3.7 to 21.0 g/kg dry matter. Each diet was fed to a group of 20 fish. During the experiment of 51 feeding days, dry matter intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein concentration of gain and total protein deposition followed exponential functions. For achieving 95% of the potential maximum protein deposition, dietary concentrations of 11.6 g arginine and 10.4 g threonine/kg dry matter were required. Arginine and threonine were both utilized most efficiently at dietary concentrations of ∼6 g/kg dry matter. At low dietary concentrations of arginine, deposition of this amino acid exceeded the quantity fed. Recommended dietary concentrations of arginine and threonine will depend on the trait desired in the trout.