Response of Potential Evapotranspiration to Warming and Wetting in Northwest China

Biao Zhu,Jin-Hu Yang,Qiang Zhang,Chun-Hua Li

doi:10.3390/atmos13020353

Biao Zhu, Jin-Hu Yang + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020353

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Abstract

In the last few decades, the climate in Northwest China has exhibited a warming–wetting tendency, which has been particularly prominent since the beginning of the 21st century. In this context, we analyzed the change in potential evapotranspiration (PET)in the corresponding period and its response to warming and wetting, which revealed clear periodic changes. The most significant changes occurred in the 1970s and 1980s, when PET decreased in the humid climate zone and increased in the semi-arid climate zone. Factor effect analysis showed that PET had a positive response to temperature; the highest and lowest temperatures in the region continued to rise. Relative humidity reduced the overall PET in the region, especially in the humid zone. Sunshine duration has continued to decrease rapidly since the 1980s, especially in humid and arid zones, resulting in a corresponding decrease in PET. Similarly, corresponding to the consistent wind speed decrease, there has also been a significant decrease in PET, with the largest decrease in the arid zone, followed by the humid zone. In general, PET in the central and eastern parts of Northwest China has mainly been affected by the temperature, whereas wind speed has been the main factor in the western part of the region. Relative humidity and sunshine duration have had relatively little effect on the PET (below 20% in most places). The reasons and processes that affect PET are very complicated. Owing to the unique climate characteristics and underlying surface energy mechanisms in Northwest China, it is still difficult to offer a scientific explanation for its warming and wetting. Therefore, the extent to which PET impacts climate change in this region is currently unclear, and systematic and scientific research on this is needed.

Highlights

Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe terrain of Northwest China is complex
Research has anywhere in the world if the required daily meteorological data are available (FAO56). Shown that this equation can fully reflect the comprehensive influence of various meteoroResearch has shown that this equation can fully reflect the comprehensive influence of logical elements and yield accurate results, and it is suitable for calculating potential evapotranspiration (PET) in different various meteorological elements and yield accurate results, and it is suitable for calcuclimate types [43,44,45]
China in the past sixty years, this study revealed that the changes in both PET and the warming and wetting in Northwest China were clearly regional and periodic

Summary

Introduction

Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe terrain of Northwest China is complex. The Loess Plateau, and the Inner Mongolia Plateau, this area comprises three natural regions: the arid and semi-arid region in the west; the monsoon region in the east; and the Qinghai-Tibet Alpine Region. This region includes arid, semi-arid, subhumid, and humid climate zones [1]. Northwest China, similar to other regions around the world, has been experiencing rising temperatures for more than a century since the Industrial. The precipitation in the eastern part of Northwest China is largely affected by the East Asian summer monsoon [6,7,8]; the water vapor in the west is mainly transported from the Atlantic Ocean by the westerly circulation system, which has iations

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Discussion

Conclusion