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Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae obtain survival benefit meanwhile promote the nutrient absorption of root as an endophyte. However, little is known concerning molecular mechanisms in the process. We performed the transcriptome sequencing of A. hypogaea roots inoculated M. anisopliae and pathogenic Fusarium axysporum, respectively. There were 81323 unigenes from 132023 transcripts. Total 203 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) respond to the two fungi, including specific 76 and 34 DEGs distributed respectively in M. anisopliae and F. axysporum treatment. KEGG pathway enrichment for DEGs showed the two top2 were signal transductions of plant-pathogen interaction and plant hormone. By qRT-PCR, the mRNA level of 26 genes involved in plant-fungus interaction confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq data. The expression pattern of the key DEGs on jasmonic acid (JA) or salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway presented regulating consistency with JA or SA concentration detected by HPLC-MS. Those significantly stronger down-regulated DEGs by M. anisopliae thanby F. axysporum linking to hypersensitive response and negative regulation of defense, and those specific up-regulated genes in M. anisopliae treatment may predict that the less immunity is conducive to symbiosis F. axysporum may trigger JA-mediated defense regulated by ERF branch of JA signaling pathway, whereas M. anisopliae does not.
Highlights
Peanut Arachis Hypogaea is a globally important crop for food and oil extraction
Hypogaea root tissue treated with either Metarhizium anisopliae (AM), or Fusarium axysporum (AF), RNA was extracted from roots and sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology
Comparing to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways that verified by qRT-PCR as above, we found that the concentration of JA was highest in AF but relatively low in AC and anisopliae treatment (AM), which consistent with the highest expression level of defensin (c38108) by qRT-PCR as well the highest mRNA level of defensin by transcriptome analysis in AC
Summary
Peanut Arachis Hypogaea is a globally important crop for food and oil extraction It is often attacked by a range of insect species and diseases causing serious yield losses in cultivation. The aim was to identify differences in molecular response in root tissue following the addition of either M. anisopliae or F. axysporum, to determine if beneficial versus pathogenic fungi produce corresponding or dissimilar cellular responses. To this end, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis of A. hypogaea roots following inoculation. Genes that were differentially expressed as the result of fungal induction were categorized and there mode of action determined
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