Abstract
Commercial farmers in Chitwan are unaware of optimum spacing and fertilizer dose which limits the performance and yield of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. An experiment was conducted to assess the response of okra to different levels of nitrogen 60, 90 and 120kg.ha-1 and 30×30, 45×30 and 60×30cm2 spacing under plastic mulched condition in Bharatpur-16, Chitwan from March to May 2018, using Ramdomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. A hybrid variety of okra (Venus plus) mostly employed by farmers in Chitwan was used. Data were collected from ten randomly selected plants from the central rows in each plot and growth parameters were analyzed of various yield related parameters taken. The tallest plants were for 120kg.ha-1N and for the 30×30cm2 spacing. Pods from the interaction of 90kg.ha-1N for spaced at 45×30cm2 had the widest, the heaviest and the longest. Pods per plant were greatest for plants receiving 120kg.ha-1N spaced at 60×30cm2. Yield was best and cost:benefit (BC) ratio was most favorable for 90kg.Nha-1 treatment and for plants spaced at 45×30cm2. Overall data indicates that the nitrogen dose of 90kg.ha-1N with a spacing of 45× 30cm2 showed the most effective result statistically and economically.
Highlights
The results indicated that the interaction effect of plant population and nitrogen fertilizer rate did not show a significant difference in the number of green pod yield production per plot
All observed vegetative characteristics were found maximum for 120 kg ha-1 dose of nitrogen while they contrasted in case of spacing with plant height performing better in low spacing
Yield attributes; pod length, pod diameter and pod weight were better for 90 kg ha-1 dose of nitrogen spacing with 60×30 cm2
Summary
Moench) belonging to the family malvaceae is one of the most popular summer vegetable crops of Nepal and grown widely in Jhapa, Morang, Saptari, Dhanusha, Mohattari, Rautahat, Bara, Chitwan and Kailali. It's every 100 grams (g) green pod contains 1.9 g protein, 6.4 g carbohydrate, 1.2 g fiber, 13 mg vitamins C and 66 mg calcuim (Bose & Som, 1986). The total production of okra across the country was 122,101.6 metric tons under the area of 10,781.4ha with the productivity of 11.3ton ha-1 (MoAD, 2015-2016). Vegetable production and productivity are seriously affected due to the use of low yielder varieties, imperfect plant density, inappropriate planting date, soil fertility, fertilizer used, heavy attack of various insect pests, weeds etc. The yield of the okra and income is generally determined by these factors, including plant nutrients and proper spacing
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