Abstract

Histomoniasis, or blackhead, long regarded as a devastating disease in turkeys, has been known in chickens since 1901 (1) and outbreaks of economic importance to chicken growers have been reported occasionally since 1908. Some of the literature has been reviewed recently (12). In both hosts, the disease is caused by a flagellated protozoon, Histomonas meleagridis (Smith, 1895) Tyzzer, 1920, that depends on the cecal worm, Heterakis gallinarum (Schrank, 1788) Madsen, 1949, for its passage from bird to bird. Before the discovery of the role of the cecal worm in transmitting Histomonas, Curtice (2) and others pointed out that turkeys readily acquired blackhead when placed on soil previously used by chickens, even though the disease had not been evident in them.

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