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Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the factors of soil water availability (FSWA) that result in the highest agronomic performance of irrigated forage sorghum, with no changes in the plants' chemical-bromatological composition. The experiment was conducted at the Montes Claros State University, Janaúba campus, MG, Brazil, in a Typic Quartzipsamment (Neossolo Flúvico Psamítico - Embrapa) with 59 mm of soil water storage capacity in the 0.0-0.3 m layer, under drip irrigation. A randomized block design with four replications and a split-plot arrangement was used, consisting of five FSWA (f0.2 = 0.20; f0.35 = 0.35; f0.5 = 0.50; f0.65 = 0.65, and f0.8 = 0.80) in the plots and two simple forage sorghum hybrids (Volumax® and BRS-655) in the split-plots. The evaluations were based on fortnightly measurements of plant height, plant transversal diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, relative chlorophyll content, stem diameter, panicle length, dry matter yield, water use efficiency, crude protein, mineral matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and lignin. The FSWA of 0.20 and 0.35 increased dry matter yield and plant height of the two evaluated sorghum hybrids. The Volumax hybrid presented more crude protein content and acid detergent fiber. The evaluated FSWA did not change the chemical-bromatological composition of the sorghum hybrids.
Highlights
The reduction of water supply in satisfactory quantity for agricultural production in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, shows the importance of a proper water use and management for this region to continue producing meat and milk competitively.growing of forage plants tolerant to water deficit, such as sorghum
Moench), with proper water management has been used. This species has been adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions in semiarid regions; it presents high biomass production, rusticity, and more tolerance to water deficit than maize (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2010), requiring 450 to 600 mm of water during its cycle for maximum yield (ASSEFA; STAGGENBORG; PRASAD, 2010)
The tolerance of sorghum to water deficit is over short periods of time; its growth and productivity may be affected negatively when it is subjected to prolonged water deficit periods (ASSEFA et al, 2010)
Summary
The reduction of water supply in satisfactory quantity for agricultural production in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, shows the importance of a proper water use and management for this region to continue producing meat and milk competitively. Growing of forage plants tolerant to water deficit, such as sorghum Moench), with proper water management has been used This species has been adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions in semiarid regions; it presents high biomass production, rusticity, and more tolerance to water deficit than maize (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2010), requiring 450 to 600 mm of water during its cycle for maximum yield (ASSEFA; STAGGENBORG; PRASAD, 2010). Sorghum is widely used as roughage in cattle feed for meat and milk production in northern Minas Gerais, during periods of forage shortage (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2013). The correct use of irrigation can enhance the production of forage sorghum, as shown by Zwirtes et al (2015) and Kirchner et al (2017)
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