Response of Early Sowing Pea Crop to some Natural and Chemical Substances for Improving Yield and Quality and Components

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted at Private Farm in El-Gammalia at District, Dakahlia at Governorate, Egypt during winter seasons of 2016 and 2017 to study the effect of some natural and chemical substances effective microorganisms (EM) at 2 l/fed, humic acid at 2kg/ fed, moringa leaf extract (MLE) at 1ml/ 32 ml, yeast extract at 50 ml/ l, potassium citrate 5 ml/ l as well as silicon 300 mg/ l and boron 50 mg/ l on vegetative growth, pod yield and quality of early sowing pea crop. The results showed that EM at 2 l/ fed + humic acid at 2kg/ fed gave rise to more number of leaves and branches, longest plant height, heaviest fresh and dry weight, largest leaf area, and gave the highest number of pods/plant, average weight of pod (gm), pod yield/plant (gm) and total pod yield (ton/fed.). pod length, pod diameter, pod thickness, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C (mg/100g fw), and protein contents (%) and the lowest in titrable acidity. All foliar applications significantly increased all the studied parameters compared with the control treatment. The superior application was moringa leaf extract (MLE) followed by yeast extract and potassium citrate in both seasons, respectively. From the obtained results it could be concluded that EM at 2L/ fed + humic acid at 2kg/ fed and sprayed moringa leaf extract at 15,25 and 35 days after sowing resulted in improving growth, yield and pod quality of pea plants grown under early sowing conditions.