Abstract
Ninebark [Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim] was grown on troughs under greenhouse conditions in 2.5-L containers filled with 100% composted pine bark and fertigated with drip irrigation using the following nutrient solutions: 1) a complete (control) solution, electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.75 dS·m–1, nonrecirculated; 2) solution as in treatment 1 but recirculated; 3) unamended municipal solid waste compost (MSW) leachate, EC 1.75 dS·m–1, recirculated; 4) solution as in treatment 3 amended in order of priority with NO3-N, NH4-N, P, K, Ca and/or Mg, to match the concentrations in the complete solution, EC 2.60 dS·m–1, recirculated; 5) unamended turkey litter compost (TLC) leachate, EC 1.75 dS·m–1, recirculated; and 6) solution as in treatment 5 amended as in treatment 4, EC 2.40 dS·m–1, recirculated. Among the four recirculated compost leachate treatments, shoot (stems and leaves) dry weight of ninebark was least with the unamended MSW, intermediate with amended MSW, and greatest but similar with both unamended and amended TLC. The most growth occurred with the recirculated control solution. Among the four leachate treatments, ninebark grew acceptably well only with recirculated unamended TLC, and was similar to that with the nonrecirculated control solution. Three treatments (nonrecirculated control, recirculated control and unamended TLC) showed no nutrient toxicity or deficiency symptoms. Poorer growth responses in the other treatments (amended TLC, amended MSW and unamended MSW) were related primarily to excess salts and/or nutritional disorders due to imbalance(s) in one or more nutrients.
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