Response of Calves to Diets That Varied in Amounts of Ruminally Degradable Carbohydrate and Protein

Abstract

Holstein calves were used wk 1 to 12 after birth to evaluate three sources of nonstructural carbohydrates that differed in ruminal degradability (corn, barley, and dried whey) with two sources of CP (normal and extruded soybean meal) that also differed in ruminal degradability. Nonstructural carbohydrates were most degradable in the dried whey diets and least degradable in the corn diets, and protein was more degradable in soybean meal than in extruded soybean meal. Pelleted diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous at 18% CP and contained (DM basis) 20% ground alfalfa hay, the respective carbohydrate and protein sources, vitamins, minerals, and antibiotic premix. All calves received 4.5 kg/d of milk during wk 1 to 4 and 2.3 kg/d during wk 5. The BW gains during wk 1 to 12 were higher (.80, .70, and .70 kg/d) for calves fed corn than for those fed barley and dried whey, respectively, and were slightly higher for calves fed extruded versus normal soybean meal (.76 and .71 kg/d). Corresponding DMI (1.47, 1.34, and 1.31 kg/d) were higher for calves fed corn than for those fed barley and dried whey and were higher for calves fed extruded versus normal soybean meal (1.43 and 1.32 kg/d). Trends in BW gains and feed intakes for wk 1 to 5 and 6 to 12 were similar. Feed to gain ratio was similar for all diets in all periods. The BW gains of calves tended to be greater when they were fed diets containing nonstructural carbohydrates and protein that was less ruminally degradable.