Abstract
As a secondary pollutant, Tropospheric ozone is inadvertently increasing every year, thereby causing severe loss to agricultural crops. The present study aimed at evaluating the response of tropospheric ozone against blackgram varieties. Eight ruling blackgram varieties (V.B.N. 1, V.B.N. 2, V.B.N. 3, V.B.N. 5, V.B.N. 6, V.B.N. 7, V.B.N. 8 and CO 6) were exposed to elevated tropospheric ozone concentration (50 ppb) in an open-top chamber. The exposure was given during 31 days after sowing (D.A.S.) to 40 D.A.S. for seven hours (10.00 h-17.00 h). The changes in physiological, biochemical, growth, and yield traits were observed by comparing them with control (ambient condition). Results indicate that physiological, biochemical, growth, and yield traits significantly differed under ozone stress. Amongst all varieties, the reduction of all observed traits was higher in V.B.N. 3 and least in V.B.N. 8. The reduction of photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content was higher in V.B.N. 3 (33.57, 29.17 and 35.67 %) and least in V.B.N. 8 (26.23, 22.92 and 31.78 %). In the case of biochemical traits, in V.B.N. 3, the malondialdehyde and proline content increased twice and ascorbic acid declined by 39.85 %. However, in V.B.N. 8, malondialdehyde and proline content increased by 78.26 and 89.01 %; while ascorbic acid decreased by 36.31 % only. Similarly, 100-grain weight reduced in V.B.N. 3 by 8.69 % while it was only 5.37 % in V.B.N. 8. The current investigation revealed that V.B.N. 3 is highly sensitive, while V.B.N. 8 is tolerant to ozone stress.
Highlights
Tropospheric ozone (O3) has become one of the world’s most widely dispersed toxic pollutants in the last several decades (I.P.C.C. 2007; Booker et al, 2009; Brauer et al, 2016), exerting severe impact on humans, plants, and animals (Cho et al, 2011; Ainsworth, 2017; Agathokleous et al, 2018; Osborne et al, 2019)
Cultivar-specific variation reported in this study demonstrated that our test blackgram cultivars have varying resistance levels to high ozone exposure
Results indicate that elevated ozone concentration increased the leaf injury percentage, while all physiological traits like photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content
Summary
Tropospheric ozone (O3) has become one of the world’s most widely dispersed toxic pollutants in the last several decades (I.P.C.C. 2007; Booker et al, 2009; Brauer et al, 2016), exerting severe impact on humans, plants, and animals (Cho et al, 2011; Ainsworth, 2017; Agathokleous et al, 2018; Osborne et al, 2019). This secondary pollutant, under bright sunshine, is produced by a series of photochemical reactions involving carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (NOx), as well as volatile organic compounds (V.O.C.s) (Collins et al, 1997; Monks et al, 2015).
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