Abstract
ContextThe WHO recognizes the need to attend to patients’ spiritual needs as being fundamental to comprehensive and high-quality end-of-life care. Spiritual needs must be attended to since the resolution of biological and psychosocial issues is insufficient to reduce patients’ suffering. Associations have been found between spiritual needs and other variables of importance for patients in palliative care. Despite the consensus that exists regarding the importance of assessing and attending to spiritual needs, professionals encounter many difficulties in attempting to do so.ObjectivesOur study aims to demonstrate the benefits that the Kibo therapeutic interview in palliative care patients can have for spirituality, demoralization, and resilience.MethodsA parallel randomized controlled trial of two groups was undertaken. Information on 60 palliative care patients during pre- and post-intervention time points was gathered.ResultsANOVAs showed a statistically significant effect of the intervention on the dimension of transpersonal spirituality. The ANCOVA for the effect of the intervention on resilience also pointed to its effectiveness. When the means of demoralization were examined, a higher decrease in the levels of demoralization for patients in the intervention group was observed, when compared to patients in the control group.ConclusionOur findings point to this interview as an effective means to attend to the spiritual needs of palliative patients, reducing demoralization and increasing resilience. Future research could focus on a broader sample and on the effects of this interview on family caregivers, mourners, and health care professionals.Clinical Trial Registration Numberhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ Identifier NCT03995095.
Highlights
Spirituality is seen as an inherent and idiosyncratic characteristic common to all human beings (Tanyi, 2002; Bartlett et al, 2003; dos Santos et al, 2018) and as a concept that is more holistic and inclusive than that of religion, which it both includes and transcends (Macrae, 1995; Tanyi, 2002; Sinclair et al, 2006; Vachon et al, 2009; Visser et al, 2010)
Our study aims to demonstrate the benefits that the Kibo therapeutic interview in palliative care patients can have for spirituality, demoralization, and resilience
The ANCOVA for the effect of the intervention on resilience pointed to its effectiveness
Summary
Spirituality is seen as an inherent and idiosyncratic characteristic common to all human beings (Tanyi, 2002; Bartlett et al, 2003; dos Santos et al, 2018) and as a concept that is more holistic and inclusive than that of religion, which it both includes and transcends (Macrae, 1995; Tanyi, 2002; Sinclair et al, 2006; Vachon et al, 2009; Visser et al, 2010). The WHO recognizes the need to attend to patients’ spiritual needs as being fundamental to comprehensive and high-quality end-of-life care (World Health Organization, 2002). At the end of life, issues related to spiritual needs emerge: the need to find meaning and coherence, to feel connected to a greater reality, and to transcend (Benito et al, 2014). By addressing spiritual needs effectively, health care professionals can help the patient at the end of his/her life find meaning, maintain hope, and, to some extent, accept death (Corr and Corr, 2012). This last dimension comprises aspects such as awareness of transcendence, confidence, hope, legacy, connection with a greater reality, hopelessness, meaning in life, and powerlessness
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