Respiratory Tract Infections in Children with Recurrent Episodes as Preschoolers

Abstract

The occurrence of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in 41 school-age children, who had recurrent RTIs treated with antibiotics as preschoolers, was followed prospectively for two years through diary reports by parents and medical consultations, and compared with that in 29 children of the same age and socio-economic background, who had few or no such infections as preschoolers. During the two-year follow-up, a greater number of episodes of RTI and a longer mean duration of such episodes were reported in the diaries concerning the children with recurrent bacterial RTIs as preschoolers compared with the controls (p less than 0.01). The annual incidence of bacterial RTI from birth onwards decreased with age among the children with recurrent episodes as preschoolers, unlike in the control group, where the incidence remained consistently low, the difference in incidence being significant up to the age of eight years (p less than 0.01). Acute otitis media was the predominant bacterial RTI in preschoolers, and acute tonsillitis in school-age children. There was a tendency toward a greater incidence of other types of disease and complications/sequelae of infections among the RTI-afflicted group than among the controls, both as preschoolers and as school children. Our findings suggest that certain children constitute a group with high morbidity, susceptible to RTIs and other illnesses over a rather long period of years.