Abstract
As the most important viral cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and increasing recognition as important in the elderly and immunocompromised, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for a massive health burden worldwide. Prophylactic antibodies were successfully developed against RSV. However, their use is restricted to a small group of infants considered at high risk of severe RSV disease. There is still no specific therapeutics or vaccines to combat RSV. As such, it remains a major unmet medical need for most individuals. The World Health Organisations International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) and PubMed were used to identify and review all RSV vaccine, prophylactic and therapeutic candidates currently in clinical trials. This review presents an expert commentary on all RSV-specific prophylactic and therapeutic candidates that have entered clinical trials since 2008.
Highlights
Discovered in 1956, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was quickly identified as the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants worldwide.[1]
All clinical trials relating to vaccines, prophylactics or therapeutics against RSV were identified by searching the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) for the terms ‘RSV’ or ‘respiratory syncytial virus’
This review presents a comprehensive overview of current strategies undergoing clinical development for the clinical management of RSV
Summary
Discovered in 1956, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was quickly identified as the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants worldwide.[1]. Two RSV subgroups exist (A and B), distinguished primarily by genetic and antigenic differences in the G gene and protein. Respiratory syncytial virus virions have two reported forms: spherical particles (≤300 nm diameter) and long filamentous forms (2–10 lm).[2,3] Respiratory syncytial virus is responsible for up to 33Á8 million LRTI cases yearly, approximately 3Á4 million hospitalisations and up to 199 000 deaths worldwide, predominantly in developing countries.[4,5] For example, Kenya reported RSVrelated LRTI rates of 7100/100 000 in children
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