Abstract
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a growing demand for effective and safe disinfectants. A novel use of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas, which can satisfy such demand, has been reported. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear. For the safe use of this gas, the stable release of specific concentrations is a must. A new type of ClO2 generator called Dr.CLOTM has recently been introduced. This study aimed to investigate: (1) the effects of Dr.CLOTM on inhibiting adenoviral amplification on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells; and (2) the acute inhalation safety of using Dr.CLOTM in animal models. After infecting HBE cells with a recombinant adenovirus, the inhibitory power of Dr.CLOTM on the virus was expressed as IFU/mL in comparison with the control group. The safety of ClO2 gas was indirectly predicted using mice by measuring single-dose inhalation toxicity in specially designed chambers. Dr.CLOTM was found to evaporate in a very constant concentration range at 0–0.011 ppm/m3 for 42 days. In addition, 36–100% of adenoviral amplification was suppressed by Dr.CLOTM, depending on the conditions. The LC50 of ClO2 gas to mice was approximately 68 ppm for males and 141 ppm for females. Histopathological evaluation showed that the lungs of female mice were more resistant to the toxicity from higher ClO2 gas concentrations than those of male mice. Taken together, these results indicate that Dr.CLOTM can be used to provide a safe indoor environment due to its technology that maintains the stable concentration and release of ClO2 gas, which could suppress viral amplification and may prevent viral infections.
Highlights
People have become very interested in environmental quarantine owing to the global pandemic of COVID-19
Gas-type ClO2 can be used as an ideal disinfectant that can be applied in daily life at low concentrations
Through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome (MT) staining, histopathological changes were observed in animals recovering in 14 days
Summary
People have become very interested in environmental quarantine owing to the global pandemic of COVID-19. ClO2 gas is already known for its excellent effects on deodorization [11], sterilization, or inhibition of viral amplification [8,12–14] It is safe and has eco-friendly properties, such as easy decomposition by light and cost-effectiveness. Gas-type ClO2 can be used as an ideal disinfectant that can be applied in daily life at low concentrations. Dr.CLOTM (a stick type of NON, Inc.) is a product that can generate very low concentrations of ClO2 gas in an easy manner. It is sold in Korea and in over 35 countries, including the United States, Japan, and recently in China. It is supplied in a helpful form for individuals to use
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