Abstract
Respiratory infections in general and rhinovirus (RV) infection specifically are the main reason for asthma exacerbation in children. Here we found increased level of Programmed cell death protein 1 ligand (PD-L1) mRNA in total blood cells isolated from pre-school children with virus-induced asthma, with lower FEV1% and with high serum levels of the C-Reactive-Protein (CRP). These data indicate that, in the presence of infection in the airways of preschool children, worse asthma is associated with induced PD-L1 mRNA expression. Further, the activation of regulatory elements that induce IFNβ, a cytokine that is involved in immunity of infections, was found to be associated with better lung function in asthmatic children. Finally, IFN-beta released by peripheral blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC) was found associated with an induced expression of PD-L1mRNA in control but no asthmatic children. These data suggest that improving peripheral blood IFN type I expression in PBMCs in pediatric asthma could improve disease exacerbation because suppressing PDL1 expression in blood cells.
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