Abstract
Background: From 2010 onwards, the city of Rio de Janeiro has undergone changes related to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games, potentially affecting the respiratory health of inhabitants. Thus, the spatial distribution of respiratory hospitalizations (2008–2017) and the relationship between this outcome and potential air pollution sources in the city of Rio de Janeiro (2013–2017) were evaluated. Methods: An ecological study was performed using the Bayesian model with multivariate Poisson regression for the period of the sporting events (2013–2017). The outcome was the ratio of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases by the population at risk. Data analysis was performed in the total population and by sex and age group. The air pollution-related variables included industrial districts, traffic density, tunnel portals, a seaport, airports, and construction/road work. Results: All explanatory variables, except tunnel portals, were associated with an increase in the outcome. Construction/road work showed a greater magnitude of association than the other pollution-related variables. Airports were associated with an increased hospitalization ratio among the ≥60 year-old group (mean = 2.46, 95% credible intervals = 1.35–4.46). Conclusion: This study allows for a better understanding of the geographical distribution of respiratory problems in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Present results may contribute to improved healthcare planning and raise hypotheses concerning exposure to air pollution and respiratory hospitalizations.
Highlights
Air pollution is the result of both human activities and natural emissions, and its main constituents are particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), and acid aerosols [1]
The presence of airport in the planning areas (PAs) was positively associated with the hospitalization ratio in the ≥60-year-old population
The magnitude of the association with construction/road work was higher in men, 0–4-year-old subjects, and 15–59-year-old subjects
Summary
Air pollution is the result of both human activities and natural emissions, and its main constituents are particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), and acid aerosols [1]. Vehicles, urbanization, construction, and demolition works act as major human sources of primary air pollutants. Among factors influencing vehicular traffic pollution dispersion in urban areas, road tunnels are important since they hamper the dispersion of traffic pollutants, and tunnel portals act as sources of emission of the concentrated air pollutants [4,5]. The spatial distribution of respiratory hospitalizations (2008–2017) and the relationship between this outcome and potential air pollution sources in the city of Rio de Janeiro (2013–2017) were evaluated. The air pollution-related variables included industrial districts, traffic density, tunnel portals, a seaport, airports, and construction/road work. Results: All explanatory variables, except tunnel portals, were associated with an increase in the outcome. Construction/road work showed a greater magnitude of association than the other pollution-related variables. Present results may contribute to improved healthcare planning and raise hypotheses concerning exposure to air pollution and respiratory hospitalizations
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International journal of environmental research and public health
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
