Abstract
This article is based on the materials of long-term (2000-2019) data of winter route census (WMA) of the Manchurian pheasant population inhabiting the Amur Region. The main limiting factors causing fluctuations in the number of these bird species have been identified. The spatial distribution of birds by habitat within the range in the study area is considered. In winter, the main ecological factors that determine the features of the spatial distribution and the success of wintering of grouse birds in a sharply continental climate with monsoon features are the presence and abundance of available food and the state of the snow cover. In some cases, it is deep snow that determines the success of bird wintering. At night, at extremely low temperatures and strong winds, birds die from a lack of snow cover: either the snow cover is not deep enough, or a crust is formed (when thawing / due to wind). In the spring-summer period, the main limiting factors for birds that survived the winter are weather and climatic conditions that affect the survival of clutch and young stock; natural emergencies (fires, floods, floods, etc.), diseases, anthropogenic factors, etc.
Highlights
The hunting economy is an important component of the economy of the Russian Federation
There are 30 subspecies of common pheasant in the world [8, 9, 15], two subspecies live in Russia [9], in the Far East there is one subspecies - the Manchurian pheasant (Phasianus colchicus pallasi Rothschild, 1903) [6, 9]
The largest area of land suitable for habitation of the Manchurian pheasant is located on the territory of 10 central and southern regions of the Amur Region: Belogorsky, Blagoveshchensky, Zavitinsky, Ivanovsky, Konstantinovsky, Mikhailovsky, Oktyabrsky, Svobodnensky, Seryshevsky and Tambovsky
Summary
The hunting economy is an important component of the economy of the Russian Federation. Hunting organizations increase the employment of the population, pay taxes to the budget and provide the population with meat and wild products. The resources of hunting animals play an important role in providing the population of our country with ecologically clean meat products, which is important given the growing population of our planet and the deteriorating environmental situation. The rational use of hunting resources is unthinkable without an analysis of the state of species populations, which is carried out on the basis of long-term data on the dynamics of the number and use of animals
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