Resource utilization of spent ternary lithium-ions batteries: Synthesis of highly active manganese-based perovskite catalyst for toluene oxidation

Abstract

Abstract In order to recycle and reuse metal resources from spent ternary lithium batteries, manganese-based composite perovskite is synthesized from waste by citrate sol–gel method and is used as catalyst for VOC removal. The characterization results indicate that manganese-based composite perovskite catalyst has a crystal phase of LaMnO 3 , and owns higher specific surface area, better reductivity at low temperature, more abundant Mn 4+ ions and lattice oxygen species than pure manganese perovskite catalyst. The results of catalytic evaluation show that manganese-based composite perovskite catalyst prepared from waste performs better catalytic performance of toluene oxidation in comparison with pure manganese perovskite. The effects of other cations existing in spent ternary lithium batteries are further investigated. The results imply that the catalytic performance can be significantly inhibited with the introduction of lithium ions, while appropriate amounts of copper, nickel and cobalt ions can improve the catalytic performance over pure manganese perovskite catalysts.