Abstract
The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of Russian cities and urban-type settlements from the standpoint of their historical and economic development. Using the methodology of economic, statistical and retrospective analysis, it was revealed that along with the growth of large cities in recent years, there has been a tendency towards a reduction in small settlements, which is associated with a decrease in industrial production. The result of this is the active development of urban processes, leading to the concentration in large cities of the scientific, technical and intellectual and production potential of the regions, their transformation into self-sufficient centers for the development of territorial socio-economic locations. The result of the study is the substantiation of the need to create new methodological approaches to the development and placement of productive forces, planning of urban areas, solving problems of energy and resource supply of territories on the basis of achieving their ecological and economic efficiency. The concept of the decisive role of the resource-saving factor in the process of urbanization of territories is substantiated. It was revealed that the approach to the analysis and modeling of the city economy when considering it as a "quasi-corporation" involves the formation of an integrated reproduction system based on increasing the efficiency of the use of territory resources, which translates the process of planning the development of the urban environment into the category of business process technologies.
Highlights
The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of Russian cities and urban-type settlements from the standpoint of their historical and economic development
In the vast territory of Russia, we are witnessing the process of forming a new map of spatial development, pedalized by the interests of resource conservation, which is characterized by the accelerated growth of large cities, accompanied by less rapid development and even depression of small towns and villages in terms of population
The development and scaling of urban settlements in modern Russia was facilitated by such factors as maximizing the efficiency of resource use, saving time, greening environmental management, the desire of people for cultural communication and receiving social benefits
Summary
The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of Russian cities and urban-type settlements from the standpoint of their historical and economic development. The owners of new mines, coal mines, factories and factories at minimal cost built temporary residential buildings in the form of dormitories, in which they settled the families of workers, and in this inexpensive way "tied" people to jobs This method of saving resources was the most popular in Soviet Russia during the first five-year plans and the post-war decade, when the destruction of the Second World War was being overcome. Starting in the 60s of the last century, intensive housing construction began in the country, which gradually (in about 20 years) resettled the heirs of the first barracks settlers into separate, relatively small, but comfortable apartments This was facilitated by the emergence of a large number of house-building plants, at least one house-building plant in each regional center, which produced 100 thousand square meters of apartments per year. Any able-bodied Russian has the opportunity to get a mortgage loan from a bank for up to 20 years and immediately buy an apartment or participate in the construction of an apartment building
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