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Abstract
The paper presented an assessment of the resource potentials of composting organic waste materials arising from the municipal solid waste stream from cities in Nigeria. Through a review of quantitative data, the composition of municipal solid waste arising within cities in Nigeria was examined in order to identify the potentials for composting organic materials from the waste stream composition. The data showed that the average majority of the waste stream was organic materials which implied high potentials for composting organic waste materials from Nigerian cities. The review also identified further potentials for composting was associated with the large population and the majority of them engaged in agriculture, as a high potential market for compost manure in Nigeria. There were more potentials derivable from the current policies of importing and supplying chemical fertilizer with huge subsidies for domestic agriculture in the country. The need to substitute these policies of chemical fertilizer with the use of compost manure implied high potentials for composting in the country. The paper also identified numerous benefits of composting in general and with particular reference to the Nigerian situation which includes, among others a reduction of the vast quantity of solid waste for final disposal, reducing air pollution and ground water leachate and also employment generation and increased income. Therefore, the paper recommended a deliberate government policy to promote composting of organic solid wastes material and marketing of compost manure to substitute the current policies of importing chemical fertilizer with subsidy for domestic agriculture as a strategy to achieve sustainable waste management in Nigeria.
Highlights
Rapidity of population, urbanisation and economic growths has increased solid waste generation rates and material composition
Municipal solid wastes consist of discarded items such as food wastes, containers, product packaging and other miscellaneous wastes, from residential, commercial, electronic institutional and industrial sources [5] while municipal solid waste management refers to the collection, transfer, treatment, recycling, resource recovery and disposal of solid wastes from urban areas [6]. [7] cited municipal solid waste management as a global challenge, especially in developing countries due to its adverse environmental effects
The assessment in this paper concludes that high resource potentials exist for composting from the municipal solid waste stream in Nigerian cities due to the high fraction of organic materials in the solid waste stream composition
Summary
Urbanisation and economic growths has increased solid waste generation rates and material composition In Nigeria and most developing countries, authorities are facing the challenges to determine the appropriate option among alternative policies for sustainable solid waste management in cities. Many authors, [3] [4] opined that the solid composition was very essential to determine appropriate policy option for solid waste management in any city. [7] cited municipal solid waste management as a global challenge, especially in developing countries due to its adverse environmental effects. In these countries, heaps of solid wastes are a common sight view in many locations within the city landscape.
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