Resource limitations: A taxonomy

Abstract

Decision making within the context of resource limitations requires balancing the short-term benefits of obtaining a resource and the long-term consequences of depleting those resources. The present manuscript focuses on four types of tasks that share this tradeoff to develop a taxonomy that will encourage a deeper understanding of the psychological processes at play. The four types considered are foraging, common pool traps, deterioration traps, and a novel designation referred to as resource cliffs. All four will be shown to include two opposite processes – depletion of the resource and its replenishment over time. By considering the unique and shared features of these tasks, a taxonomy of features emerges that can be combined to not only create novel tasks but also to shift the research focus to task features rather than specific tasks. The paper closes with a consideration of current theoretical frameworks previously applied to one or more of these resource-limitation tasks as well as the promise of reinforcement learning as a unifying theory.