Abstract
Femtocells have been considered as a promising technology to provide better indoor coverage and spatial reuse gains. However, the co-channel deployment of macrocells and femtocells is still facing challenges arising from potentially severe inter-cell interference. In this article, we investigate the uplink resource allocation problem of femtocells in co-channel deployment with macrocells. We first model the uplink power and subchannel allocation in femtocells as a non-cooperative game, where inter-cell interference is taken into account in maximizing the femtocell capacity and uplink femto-to-macro interference is alleviated by charging each femto user a price proportional to the interference that it causes to the macrocell. Based on the non-cooperative game, we then devise a semi-distributed algorithm for each femtocell to first assign subchannels to femto users and then allocate power to subchannels. Simulation results show that the proposed interference-aware femtocell uplink resource allocation algorithm is able to provide improved capacities for not only femtocells, but also the macrocell, as well as comparable or even better tiered fairness in the two-tier network, as compared with existing unpriced subchannel assignment algorithm and modified iterative water filling-based power allocation algorithm.
Highlights
Nowadays above 50% of voice services and 70% of data traffics occur indoors [1]
For alleviating uplink interference caused by co-channel femto users to macrocells, a distributed femtocell power control algorithm is developed based on non-cooperative game theory in [5], while in [6] femto users are priced for causing interference to macrocells in the power allocation based on a Stackelberg model
We focus on the uplink power and subchannel allocation problem of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based femtocells in cochannel deployment with macrocells
Summary
Nowadays above 50% of voice services and 70% of data traffics occur indoors [1]. Insufficient indoor coverage of macrocells has led to increasing interest in femtocells, which have been considered in major wireless communication standards such as 3GPP LTE/LTE-Advanced [2]. In [12], a joint power and subchannel allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the total capacity of densely deployed femtocells, but the interference caused by femtocells to macrocells is not considered. In the Lagrangian dual decomposition-based resource allocation scheme [14], constraints on cross-tier interference are used in power allocation, but subchannels are assigned randomly to femto users. We focus on the uplink power and subchannel allocation problem of orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based femtocells in cochannel deployment with macrocells. Simulation comparisons with existing unpriced subchannel assignment and modified iterative water filling (MIWF)-based power allocation algorithms show that the proposed interferenceaware femtocell uplink resource allocation algorithm is able to provide improved capacities for femtocells, and the macrocell, as well as comparable or even better tiered fairness in a co-channel two-tier network. Based on Shannon’s capacity formula, the capacities on subchannel n of femto user u in femtocell k and macro
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