Abstract

Understanding the impact of order and disorder is of fundamental importance to perceive and to appreciate the functionality of modern photonic metasurfaces. Metasurfaces with disordered and amorphous inner arrangements promise to mitigate problems that arise for their counterparts with strictly periodic lattices of elementary unit cells such as, e.g., spatial dispersion, and allows the use of fabrication techniques that are suitable for large scale and cheap fabrication of metasurfaces. In this study, we analytically, numerically and experimentally investigate metasurfaces with different lattice arrangements and uncover the influence of lattice disorder on their electromagnetic properties. The considered metasurfaces are composed of metal-dielectric-metal elements that sustain both electric and magnetic resonances. Emphasis is placed on understanding the effect of the transition of the lattice symmetry from a periodic to an amorphous state and on studying oblique illumination. For this scenario, we develop a powerful analytical model that yields, for the first time, an adequate description of the scattering properties of amorphous metasurfaces, paving the way for their integration into future applications.

Highlights

  • Understanding the impact of order and disorder is of fundamental importance to perceive and to appreciate the functionality of modern photonic metasurfaces

  • Metasurfaces with disordered and amorphous inner arrangements promise to mitigate problems that arise for their counterparts with strictly periodic lattices of elementary unit cells such as, e.g., spatial dispersion, and allows the use of fabrication techniques that are suitable for large scale and cheap fabrication of metasurfaces

  • Periodic arrangements have become commonplace for both bulk metamaterials and their planar analogues called photonic metasurfaces, defined as optically dense, planar arrays of resonant scatterers[9,10]

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Summary

Introduction

Understanding the impact of order and disorder is of fundamental importance to perceive and to appreciate the functionality of modern photonic metasurfaces. While the electric resonance is significantly perturbed by disorder, the magnetic resonance remains mostly unaffected This state-of-the-art model explains the different scattering behavior of multipolar resonances at the transition from periodic to amorphous arrangements at normal incidence, the behavior of these arrays at other angles of incidence remained unclear and so far it is not predictable. Fully understanding this angular behavior is especially important when considering prospective applications of photonic metasurfaces as spectrally selective surfaces or wavefront shaping devices, which require a carefully tailored optical response at various incident angles. The impact of disorder on the scattering properties of optically dense planar arrays of resonant elements illuminated by obliquely incident light requires a dedicated study

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