Resonant Magnetoelectric Effect at Low Frequencies in Layered Polymeric Cantilevers Containing a Magnetoactive Elastomer

Dmitry V Saveliev,Inna A Belyaeva,Gašper Glavan,Viktoria O Belan,Mikhail Shamonin,Leonid Y Fetisov

doi:10.3390/app12042102

Abstract

In this work, the resonance enhancement of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling at the two lowest bending resonance frequencies was investigated in layered cantilever structures comprising a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) slab and a commercially available piezoelectric polymer multilayer. A cantilever was fixed at one end in the horizontal plane and the magnetic field was applied horizontally. Five composite structures, each containing an MAE layer of different thicknesses from 0.85 to 4 mm, were fabricated. The fundamental bending resonance frequency in the absence of a magnetic field varied between roughly 23 and 55 Hz. It decreased with the increasing thickness of the MAE layer, which was explained by a simple theory. The largest ME voltage coefficient of about 7.85 V/A was measured in a sample where the thickness of the MAE layer was ≈2 mm. A significant increase in the bending resonance frequencies in the applied DC magnetic field of 240 kA/m up to 200% was observed. The results were compared with alternative designs for layered multiferroic structures. Directions for future research were also discussed.

Highlights

The direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect is defined as the induced electric polarization of a material in an applied magnetic field
The results above prove that significant resonance-enhanced ME coupling can be achieved in magnetoactive elastomer (MAE)/piezoelectric polymer (PEP) multiferroic heterostructures in conventional geometry (Figure 2)
Since the employed materials are much softer than metals or ceramics the resonance frequencies in the absence of a magnetic field are low (f r1 < 50 Hz, f r2 < 300 Hz) and, as should be expected, they increase in an increasing bias field due to the stiffening of the

Summary

Introduction

The direct magnetoelectric (ME) effect is defined as the induced electric polarization of a material in an applied magnetic field. The strain-mediated ME phenomena of importance in layered multiferroic composites are giant low-frequency coupling and resonance enhancement of ME effects that are anticipated for bending and other oscillation modes [1]. Soft (Young’s modulus Y < 109 Pa) ME materials are absent in nature and conventional multiferroic layered heterostructures mostly involve rigid (Y~1011 Pa) constitutive materials, e.g., alloys and ceramics. Highly sensitive ME magnetic-field sensors usually operate at the electromechanical resonance frequency, taking advantage of the increased amplitude of mechanical deformation. As the employed materials are rigid, the resonance frequency of a layered multiferroic heterostructure is usually in the range of

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Conclusion