Resonance magnetoelectric effect in a composite ferromagnet–dielectric–piezoelectric Langevin-type resonator

Abstract

The direct and converse magnetoelectric (ME) effects in a Langevin-type resonator are observed and investigated for the first time. The resonator comprised a disk made of lead–zirconate titanate ceramic, located between two sapphire cylinders, with layers of amorphous ferromagnet glued to its side surfaces. ME effects were observed at frequencies of bending (∼70 kHz) and longitudinal (∼200 kHz) oscillations of the resonator upon its excitation by ac magnetic and electric fields. The field conversion efficiency for the direct ME effect was α E ≈ 31 V (Oe−1 cm−1). The magnetization modulation efficiency for the converse ME effect reached α B ≈ 0.72 G cm−1 V−1. The nonlinear ME effects such as frequency doubling, frequency mixing, and resonance frequency shift are observed at high field amplitudes. The magnitude of both the direct and converse ME effects in the resonator is controlled by an external dc magnetic field. The Langevin-type ME resonators can be used in highly sensitive magnetic field sensors, controlled resonators and transformers, and other components of electronics and microsystem technology.