Resolving Ethical Issues in the Field of Anaesthesia: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Abstract

Ethical problems related to the field of anaesthesia and reanimation are generally addressed within the scope of reanimation and intensive care medicine by overseeing the particular issues of medical ethics in the practice of anaesthesia. The existing literature shows that a very limited number of studies are found on this issue. This research aims to address this gap in the academic literature and to discuss ethical approaches to these problems. A search was conducted to compile key themes of ethical problems. These were combined with similar themes in the limited existing literature. Next, a questionnaire consisting of 20 multiple choice and open-ended questions and two Likert scales were developed. The answers to the questionnaire were collected on-line after 2 months. The survey was conducted with 226 participants. 82.79% of the participants received ethics training only before graduation, and 95.40% stated that ethics training is required during their residency training. 67.80% of participants think that informed consent forms are sufficient in terms of content and readability, but 89.90% note that such forms are not read by patients. In the preoperative period, communication with patients, interaction with surgical teams, long working hours and high workload, problems in informing patients, lack of institutional support in malpractice cases, lack of authority, responsibility and rights of anaesthesiologists are the most important ethical and legal issues in the field. There are complex ethical issues in the field of anaesthesiology that should be discussed with in the frame of deficiencies in training, ethical reasoning for patient autonomy, informed consent, paternalism and professional satisfaction to shed light on potential solutions.