Resolution of Ofloxacin–Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin–Norfloxacin Binary Mixtures by Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence in Combination with Partial Least Squares Multivariate Calibration

Abstract

A flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) method is described for the determination of ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR) and ofloxacin (OFL), commonly used antibiotics of the fluoroquinolones family. The method is based on the CL reaction of the fluoroquinolones with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) and Ce (IV), in sulfuric acid medium. The maximum CL emission, given at 0.45 min for CIP, at 0.35 min for NOR and at 0.04 min for OFL, respectively, were measured, allowing the simple application of the proposed method to the routine analysis of the antibiotics. The methods were applied to the determination of CIP, NOR and OFL, in several pharmaceutical preparations, with very satisfactory results, and validated by a previously reported HPLC method. The time-resolved equipment allowed the measurement of the kinetic evolution of the chemiluminescence signals. In base to the differences in the kinetic behaviour of ofloxacin with respect to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, binary mixtures of the drugs were resolved by using the time-resolved chemiluminescence signals, in combination with first-order partial least-squares (PLS) multivariate calibration.