RESISTÊNCIA A BETALACTÂMICOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DOS MECANISMOS E IMPLICAÇÕES CLÍNICAS

Abstract

Introduction: Beta-lactam antibiotics are commonly administered drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections. They act as inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis, which is essential for the bacteria's survival. Bacterial resistance, especially to the class of β-lactam antibiotics, is a growing public health problem that impacts the efficacy of treatments and increases hospital costs. Objective: This work aims to conduct a systematic review on beta-lactam resistance, addressing its mechanisms and clinical implications. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA criteria, selecting 15 complete articles published between 2014 and 2024, obtained from the BVS and MedLine databases. The articles were critically analyzed, and relevant data were organized into tables to discuss antibiotic resistance to β-lactams and address its causes, mechanisms, and clinical implications. Results: The reviewed studies indicated that bacterial resistance is influenced by genetic factors and interactions with the intestinal microbiota, in addition to the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Innovative interventions are necessary to address resistance, focusing on specific strains and mechanisms of action. Conclusion: Bacterial resistance requires a multifaceted approach, including an understanding of the mechanisms involved and the implementation of new treatment strategies. The research highlights the importance of effective interventions to combat resistant infections and improve clinical outcomes.