Resistin is a potential marker of the activity of skin diseases accompanied by urticarial rashes

Abstract

Resistin is a cysteine-rich secretory protein. This protein expressed in various human organs and tissues, including white adipose tissue, lung, spleen, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, hypothalamus, intestinal epithelium, placenta, pancreas, stomach, skeletal muscle, skin and plasma. Resistin expression increases during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-a. After translation, resistin is stored on the neutrophil membrane, as well as in azurophilic and specific granules. Resistin is released upon activation of neutrophils. Increased resistin levels lead to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, creating a circle of chronic inflammation. Currently, the role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of various chronic skin diseases is being widely studied, but the role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of diseases accompanied by urticarial rashes remains poorly understood. Therefore it is of interest to study clinical and diagnostic significance of the level of resistin in peripheral blood in diseases accompanied by chronic urticarial rashes. Our aim was to determine resistin levels in chronic spontaneous urticaria and urticarial vasculitis and its correlation with the severity of these conditions. Materials and methods. A prospective observational study was conducted. The work included 30 patients with diagnoses of CSU, UV, HUV and HUVS, aged from 19 to 71 years, 42±15 [37;48], of which 25 were women and 5 men. Recruitment of patients was carried out at the Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases named after. V.A. Rakhmanov Sechenov University in the period from February 2022 to April 2023. Results. Resistin levels didn’t vary significantly depending on the diagnosis and were within normal values in most patients. However, when conducting a correlation analysis of the relationship between the level of serum resistin and the disease activity index, a moderately close direct relationship was established. In addition, when assessing the relationship between resistin levels and CRP levels, a weak direct relationship was established. No statistically significant relationships between CRP, ESR, leukocyte and neutrophil counts and diagnosis were found. Conclusion. Taking into account the results of our study, resistin can be considered as a biological marker of the activity of CSU, UV, HUV and HUVS. In addition, these data may be useful for a deeper and more detailed study of the pathogenesis of diseases, as well as for the development of innovative therapeutic methods.