Resistance training for people with post-polio syndrome: A systematic review of the literature

Abstract

Introduction: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) of resistance training for people with post-polio syndrome (PPS) was conducted. Methodology: A literature search of interventions was performed using Medline (1966–present)/PubMed, Cinahl, SportDiscus and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases using the search strategy terms: “muscle strength” AND “resistance training, or strength training, or weight training” AND “polio”. Two reviewers independently evaluated studies to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria of RCT, measurement of muscle strength or force, and presentation of mean data (SD). Results: Four RCT studies met the inclusion criteria; however, due to the disparate nature of the resistance training interventions, a meta-analysis was not able to be conducted. Two studies showed improvements in muscular strength/force in PPS patients following prescribed own body weight training or resistance training; one study found no change in muscular strength but improvement in cardiovascular measures following aquatic resistance training in PPS patients; and one study showed improvements in both muscular strength and endurance following prescribed weight training. Conclusions: This review highlights the limited quantity and quality in research investigating the use of resistance training interventions to improve muscle strength and motor function in people with PPS. Moreover, no investigations reviewed in this study, to date, have examined neural mechanisms underpinning the functional outcomes presented. Further research investigating neurophysiological responses is required with specific training protocols in order to provide a targeted approach in using RT as a meaningful therapy for people with PPS.