Resistance Training For Older Adults

Abstract

Resistance training (RT) has been shown to increase muscular strength and concurrently improve functional ability in older adults (OA). However, there is relatively little research available regarding the impact of RT on confidence and quality of life in older adults. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a 10-week RT intervention on strength, ROM, balance, balance confidence, and quality of life in OA. METHODS: 15 subjects (mean 82.4 yrs) were recruited for this study, 12 of which were female. The following outcome measures were assessed prior to, and immediately following the intervention: balance, using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), balance confidence, using the Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire, grip strength using a hand dynamometer, and sagittal plane ROM for both hips, ankles, and shoulders using a digital inclinometer. Participants trained twice a week for 10 weeks, for a total of 20 sessions. Each session consisted of the following 10 exercises: squat, bent over row, forward lunge, diagonal shoulder raise, step-ups, hammer curls, knee extensions, calf raises, toe raises, and a standing balance progression, each of which was done for a total of 15 repetitions on each limb. Pre- and post-intervention data were compared using paired t-tests, with an alpha set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Following the 10-week intervention a significant increase was found for left hand grip strength, ROM at both hips, and scores for the BBS, ABC and SF-36 tests. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study indicate that participation in a 10-week RT intervention may lead to enhanced balance, balance confidence and quality of life for OA, in addition to strength and range of motion. Therefore OA should be encouraged to participate in RT as it may enhance characteristics thought to reduce falls and facilitate greater longevity.