Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases and stroke are steadily the leading causes of death in Latvia. Therefore, the greatest efforts should be given to recognize associative factors which may be modifiable to decrease the burden of ischemic events.
 OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of aspirin and clopidogrel resistance and its associated risk factors in patients with acute cerebrovascular events.
 METHODS: The prospective, descriptive study included 204 patients. Patients were considered biochemical resistant to aspirin if platelet aggregation was ≥550 ARU, whereas biochemical clopidogrel resistance was defined when platelet inhibition was >230 PRU.
 RESULTS: Biochemical aspirin resistance was found in 27 (13%) patients, whereas clopidogrel resistance - in 44 (22%) patients. Five patients (2%) had resistance to both antiplatelet drugs. In the analysis of blood parameters, none were associated with aspirin resistance, except the level of triglycerides which were lower in the aspirin resistance group (p=0.001; r=0.26). In the analysis of clopidogrel sensitivity there was a difference in diabetes prevalence where it was more frequent in the clopidogrel resistance group (15.6% vs. 40.9%; p=0.001; r=0.255). Patients with clopidogrel resistance had higher levels of triglycerides 1.7 (1.3-2.6) than patients grouped as sensitive 1.4 ((1.1-2.0), p=0.033; r=0.16).
 CONCLUSION: Biochemical aspirin and clopidogrel resistance are quite common in patients with cerebrovascular diseases in Latvia. Our study found that patients with diabetes and elevated glycosylated hemoglobin level were more prone to clopidogrel biochemical resistance. However, the association between aspirin resistance and clinical, laboratory data remains inconclusive.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases and stroke are steadily the leading causes of death in Latvia
Biochemical aspirin and clopidogrel resistance are quite common in patients with cerebrovascular diseases in Latvia
Our study found that patients with diabetes and elevated glycosylated hemoglobin level were more prone to clopidogrel biochemical resistance
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases and stroke are steadily the leading causes of death in Latvia. The greatest efforts should be given to recognize associative factors which may be modifiable to decrease the burden of ischemic events. Cardiovascular diseases and stroke are steadily the leading causes of death in Latvia (OECD, 2017). The greatest efforts should be given to recognize the associative factors which may be modifiable to decrease the burden of ischemic events for the improvement of preventive measures of cerebrovascular diseases. The most commonly used antiplatelet agents for the prevention of ischemic stroke are acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and clopidogrel. Clopidogrel has shown equal effectiveness in preventing recurrent ischemic stroke compared to aspirin (CAPRIE Steering Committee, 1996). If there is a resistance to antiplatelets, the prevention of stroke is not sufficient and it may lead to recurrent atherothrombotic events
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